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About Macedonia

The Republic of Macedonia is situated in the central part of the Balkan Peninsula, with an area of 25,713 square kilometres bordering on Serbia to the north, Kosovo to the north-west, Greece to the south, Bulgaria to the east and Albania to the west. Due to such a geographic location, the Republic of Macedonia is and has been an important crossroads of many different civilisations, religions and cultures throughout history.

According to the last census in the Republic of Macedonia live around two million people.

Skopje, the capital of the Republic of Macedonia, is the biggest political, economic, educational and cultural centre. Macedonia is predominantly a mountainous country with a great number of exceptional natural treasures and beauties. In Macedonia there are 34 peaks rising to over 2,000 metres and rich in vegetation. The influences of the Mediterranean and the Continental Climate positively affect the high fertility of the cultivated land and the development of cattle breeding as well as the development of both winter and summer tourism. Macedonia is a country of lakes of extraordinary natural beauty that offer favourable conditions for the development of tourism.

The name "Macedonia" is in fact the oldest surviving name of a country in the continent of Europe. Various peoples have inhabited Macedonia, and ancient civilisations have flourished on these lands. In 724-512 BC, the Macedonian Empire was established and developed, followed by the Persian Invasion. Alexander the Great reigns the new empire for ten years, beginning with 333 BC. Later, Macedonia became a Roman province. Beginning with 178 AD many barbarian tribes invaded the territory of the former province. Empires like the Byzantines, Bulgarians and Ottomans reign over the lands the following centuries.

The Treaty of San Stefano in 1878, ending the Russo-Turkish War, gave the largest part of Macedonia to Bulgaria. Bulgaria lost much of its Macedonian territory in the Second Balkan War. Most of Macedonia went to Serbia and the remainder was divided between Greece and Bulgaria.

In 1918, Serbia, which included much of Macedonia, joined in union with Croatia, Slovenia, and Montenegro to form the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which was renamed Yugoslavia in 1929. On Sept. 8, 1991, Macedonia declared its independence from Yugoslavia.

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